Which sociologists are functionalists

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From the Blog. TradWife 4th February Female Suicide Rates 23rd March Crash Course: Religion 25th January Three-Parent Families 22nd January Crash Course: Social Change 23rd November Battling Discrimination as a Single Parent 27th March The three major sociological paradigms differ in their perspectives on these issues.

While many sociologists have contributed to research on society and social interaction, three thinkers form the base of modern-day perspectives. To Durkheim, society was greater than the sum of its parts. Durkheim called the communal beliefs, morals, and attitudes of a society the collective conscience.

Durkheim also believed that social integration , or the strength of ties that people have to their social groups, was a key factor in social life. Following the ideas of Comte and Spencer, Durkheim likened society to that of a living organism, in which each organ plays a necessary role in keeping the being alive.

Even the socially deviant members of society are necessary, Durkheim argued, as punishments for deviance affirm established cultural values and norms. That is, punishment of a crime reaffirms our moral consciousness. As an observer of his social world, Durkheim was not entirely satisfied with the direction of society in his day.

His primary concern was that the cultural glue that held society together was failing, and people were becoming more divided. In his book The Division of Labor in Society , Durkheim argued that as society grew more complex, social order made the transition from mechanical to organic. Preindustrial societies, Durkheim explained, were held together by mechanical solidarity , a type of social order maintained by the collective consciousness of a culture.